{"id":15757,"date":"2026-04-17T12:51:06","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T12:51:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/?page_id=15757"},"modified":"2026-04-28T11:40:02","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T11:40:02","slug":"faydali-bilgiler","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/faydali-bilgiler\/","title":{"rendered":"Useful Informations"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Asya fre\u0131ght<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\tUseful Informations\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n
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Useful information has been summarized in the form of a glossary of technical terms related to international transportation services.<\/p>\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n WHAT ARE INCOTERMS?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n

\nIncoterms (International Commercial Terms) are rules that define the responsibilities between buyers and sellers in international trade. They clarify the allocation of transportation, insurance, risk, and cost responsibilities.
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\nWhy are Incoterms important?
\n\u2022 Reduces risks.
\n\u2022 Clarifies responsibilities.
\n\u2022 Prevents commercial disputes.
\n
\nMost Common Incoterms
\nFOB, CIF, EXW, DDP, and DAP are among the most commonly used delivery terms in global trade.
\nIncoterms (International Commercial Terms) are commercial delivery terms that define the responsibilities between buyers and sellers in international trade. Established by the International Chamber of Commerce, these rules clarify the allocation of transportation, insurance, risk, and cost responsibilities.
\nChoosing the correct Incoterms helps optimize your logistics costs, reduce operational risks, and make your commercial processes more secure.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS FOB? (FREE ON BOARD)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
FOB (Free On Board) is a delivery term in which the seller is responsible for the goods until they are loaded onto the vessel. Once the goods are loaded onto the ship, all risks and costs are transferred to the buyer.
\n
\nFeatures:
\n\u2022 The seller is responsible up to the loading port.
\n\u2022 Once the goods are loaded onto the vessel, the risk transfers to the buyer.
\n\u2022 Used in sea freight transportation.
\n
\nAdvantage:
\nThe buyer can control the freight and transportation process.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n What is CIF? (Cost, Insurance and Freight)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) is a delivery term in which the seller is responsible for the goods, including transportation and insurance, up to the destination port.
\n
\nFeatures:
\n\u2022 Freight is paid by the seller.
\n\u2022 Insurance is arranged by the seller.
\n\u2022 The risk transfers to the buyer at the loading port.
\n
\nAdvantage:
\n\u2022 There is less operational burden for the buyer.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS CFR? (COST AND FREIGHT)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
CFR (Cost and Freight) is a delivery term in which the seller covers the transportation cost, while the insurance responsibility belongs to the buyer.
\n
\nFeatures:
\n\u2022 Freight is the responsibility of the seller.
\n\u2022 Insurance is the responsibility of the buyer.
\n\u2022 The risk transfers at the loading port.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS EXW? (EX WORKS)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
EXW (Ex Works) is a delivery term in which the seller has minimum responsibility. The goods are made available to the buyer at the seller\u2019s premises.
\n
\nFeatures:
\n\u2022 All transportation and risk are the responsibility of the buyer.
\n\u2022 The seller only prepares the goods.
\n
\nAdvantage:
\n\u2022 It is the lowest responsibility model for the seller.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS DAP? (DELIVERED AT PLACE)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
DAP (Delivered At Place) is a delivery term in which the seller transports the goods to the agreed destination but does not pay the customs duties.
\n
\nFeatures:
\n\u2022 The place of delivery is the buyer\u2019s country.
\n\u2022 Customs clearance procedures are the responsibility of the buyer.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS DDP? (DELIVERED DUTY PAID)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) is the delivery term under which the seller bears the maximum responsibility.
\n
\nFeatures:
\n\u2022 All costs are borne by the seller.
\n\u2022 Including customs duties and taxes.
\n\u2022 Delivery is made to the buyer\u2019s premises (door-to-door).
\n
\nAdvantage:
\nIt is the most convenient delivery method for the buyer.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS FCA? (FREE CARRIER)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
FCA (Free Carrier) is the delivery term under which the seller is responsible until the goods are delivered to the designated carrier.
\n
\nFeatures:
\n\u2022 It is suitable for multimodal transport.
\n\u2022 A flexible delivery point can be chosen.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS CPT? (CARRIAGE PAID TO)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
CPT (Carriage Paid To) is a delivery term in which the seller pays the freight costs, but the risk transfers to the buyer at an early stage.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS CIP? (CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
CIP is similar to CPT, but in this term the insurance is arranged by the seller.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n FOB vs CIF COMPARISON<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Feature<\/b><\/td>FOB<\/b><\/td>CIF<\/b><\/td><\/tr>
Freight<\/td>Buyer<\/td>Seller<\/td><\/tr>
Insurance<\/td>Buyer<\/td>Seller<\/td><\/tr>
Risk Transfer<\/td>Port of Loading<\/td>Port of Loading<\/td><\/tr>
Control<\/td>Buyer<\/td>Seller<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS FOB? DIFFERENCES FROM CIF<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
What is FOB? What are the differences from CIF?
\n
\nFind out which delivery term is more advantageous.
\n
\nWhat is FOB?
\nFOB (Free On Board) is a delivery term in which the seller is responsible for the goods until they are loaded onto the vessel.
\n
\nWhat is CIF?
\nIn CIF, the seller also covers the freight and insurance costs.
\n
\nKey Differences
\nFOB: Freight is the responsibility of the buyer.
\nCIF: Freight is the responsibility of the seller.
\n
\nWhich is More Advantageous?
\nBuyers who want more control prefer FOB.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS FREIGHT?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
What is freight, and how is it calculated? Learn about the factors that affect transportation costs.
\n
\nWhat is Freight?
\nFreight is the transportation fee paid to move a shipment from one point to another. It is one of the most important cost components in international shipping.
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\nFreight varies depending on the mode of transport (sea, air, road, rail), as well as the volume and weight of the cargo, distance, and market conditions.
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\n HOW IS FREIGHT CALCULATED?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Freight calculation depends on several factors:
\n
\nKey Factors:
\n\u2022 Weight and volume of the cargo
\n\u2022 Transport distance
\n\u2022 Mode of transport (sea, air, etc.)
\n\u2022 Fuel costs
\n\u2022 Port and handling charges
\n
\nIn air freight, volumetric weight is generally used, while in sea freight pricing is usually based on containers.
\n
\nImportant Note:
\nIn air freight, volumetric weight is used, while in sea freight, container-based pricing is applied.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT FACTORS DETERMINE CONTAINER SHIPPING PRICES?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
In container shipping, prices are not fixed and vary depending on the following factors:
\n
\n\u2022 Port of departure and destination port
\n\u2022 Container type (20ft, 40ft, reefer, etc.)
\n\u2022 Seasonal demand fluctuations
\n\u2022 Supply and demand balance
\n\u2022 Additional services (customs clearance, warehousing, etc.)
\n
\nTherefore, each shipment is priced individually.
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\n WHY DO FREIGHT RATES CHANGE?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Why do freight rates constantly change? Factors affecting logistics costs.
\n
\nWhy Do They Change?
\n\u2022 Supply and demand
\n\u2022 Fuel prices
\n\u2022 Global crises
\n
\nConclusion
\nFreight is dynamic and not fixed.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
\n HOW CAN LOGISTICS COSTS BE REDUCED?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
To optimize logistics costs:
\n\u2022 The appropriate mode of transport should be selected.
\n\u2022 Appropriate Incoterms should be used.
\n\u2022 Consolidation (LCL) should be preferred.
\n\u2022 Long-term planning should be carried out.
\n\u2022 A reliable logistics partner should be worked with.
\nWith proper planning, significant cost advantages can be achieved.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION (FCL & LCL)<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
What are FCL and LCL?
\nDetailed information about container transportation is listed below.
\n
\nWhat is FCL?
\nFCL (Full Container Load) refers to a shipment in which a container is fully loaded by a single customer.
\n
\nWhat is LCL?
\nLCL (Less than Container Load) refers to the transportation of cargo from multiple customers consolidated into a single container.
\n
\nWhich one?
\n\u2022 Large shipment \u2192 FCL
\n\u2022 Small shipment \u2192 LCL
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\nFCL Advantages:
\n\u2022 Faster delivery time
\n\u2022 Lower risk of handling damage
\n
\nLCL Advantages:
\n\u2022 Lower cost
\n\u2022 Ideal for small-volume shipments<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
\n WHAT IS CHARTERING?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Chartering is the process of renting a ship or aircraft for cargo transportation. It allows for the dedicated allocation of a transport vessel tailored to the specific requirements of the cargo when standard liner services are insufficient.
\n
\nChartering is especially preferred for large-volume, heavy-tonnage, or cargo requiring special equipment, offering a flexible and operationally robust logistics solution.
\nIt is the leasing of a ship or aircraft for cargo transportation.
\n
\nTypes
\n\u2022 Voyage Charter
\n\u2022 Time Charter
\n\u2022 Bareboat Charter
\n
\nAdvantages
\n\u2022 An ideal solution for large and special cargo.
\n\u2022 Flexible route and scheduling.
\n\u2022 Vessel selection tailored to the type of cargo.
\n\u2022 Maximum efficiency for project-based shipments.
\n
\nVoyage Charter (Voyage-Based Chartering)
\nIt is the chartering of a vessel for the transportation of a specific cargo along a defined route.
\n
\nTime Charter (Time-Based Chartering)
\nIt is the chartering of a vessel for a specific period of time. Operational control belongs to the charterer.
\n
\nBareboat Charter (Crewless Chartering)
\nThe vessel is chartered without a crew. All operations are managed by the charterer.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS PROJECT CARGO TRANSPORTATION?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Project cargo transportation is the planned and engineering-focused movement of heavy, oversized, or special equipment cargo that falls outside standard dimensions.
\nThis process includes not only transportation but also detailed planning, site analysis, equipment selection, and operational management.
\n
\nScope of Project Cargo Transportation
\n\u2022 Out-of-gauge cargo transportation
\n\u2022 Heavy-lift equipment shipments
\n\u2022 Industrial plant equipment
\n\u2022 Energy projects (wind turbines, generators, etc.)
\n\u2022 Factory relocations
\n
\nProject Cargo Transportation Process
\n1. Feasibility and Planning
\nCargo analysis, route planning, and risk assessment are carried out.
\n2. Engineering and Equipment Selection
\nAppropriate transportation equipment and methods are determined.
\n3. Operation Management
\nLoading, transportation, and unloading processes are coordinated.
\n4. Delivery and Reporting
\nThe operation is successfully completed and documented in a report.
\n
\nAdvantages of Project Cargo Transportation
\n\u2022 Safe transportation for special cargo
\n\u2022 Minimization of operational risks
\n\u2022 Time savings through professional planning
\n\u2022 End-to-end logistics management
\nScope
\n\u2022 Heavy machinery
\n\u2022 Energy equipments
\n
\nWhy Special?
\nIt requires engineering and planning.
\n
\nWhich Transportation Mode When?
\n
\nWhen are sea, air, and road transportation preferred?
\n
\nComparison
\n\u2022 If speed is important \u2192 Air Freight
\n\u2022 If cost is important \u2192 Sea Freight
\n\u2022 If flexibility is required \u2192 Road Freight
\n\u2022 Long distance + cost-efficient \u2192 Rail Freight<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
\n HOW DOES THE EXPORT PROCESS WORK?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
The export process covers all stages from the sale of a product abroad to its final delivery. With proper planning and professional logistics management, the process is completed quickly and smoothly.
\n
\nExport Process Steps:
\n1. Customer and Order Process
\nAn agreement is reached with the foreign buyer and the order is placed.
\n2. Contract and Incoterms Determination
\nThe delivery terms (FOB, CIF, etc.) are defined.
\n3. Product Preparation and Packaging
\nThe products are prepared in a suitable condition for transportation.
\n4. Customs Procedures
\nThe export declaration is prepared and official procedures are completed.
\n5. Transportation and Shipment
\nThe cargo is dispatched using the selected mode of transport.
\n6. Delivery
\nThe cargo is delivered to the consignee, and the process is completed.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n HOW IS IMPORT CARRIED OUT?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Import refers to the process of purchasing goods from abroad and bringing them into the country. If not managed properly, it can lead to cost increases and time losses.
\n
\nImport Process:
\n\u2022 Supplier selection
\n\u2022 Product order and contract
\n\u2022 Transportation arrangement
\n\u2022 Customs procedures
\n\u2022 Payment of taxes and duties
\n\u2022 Receipt of goods
\n
\nWith professional logistics support, the process proceeds faster and more smoothly.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS THE CUSTOMS CLEARANCE PROCESS?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Customs clearance is the completion of the official import and export procedures for goods entering or leaving a country.
\n
\nScope of Customs Clearance:
\n\u2022 Preparation of the customs declaration
\n\u2022 Document verification
\n\u2022 Tax calculation
\n\u2022 Official approval procedures
\n
\nAccurate and complete document management is critical to prevent delays.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
\n HOW CAN LOGISTICS COSTS BE REDUCED?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
To optimize logistics costs:
\n\u2022 The appropriate mode of transport should be selected.
\n\u2022 Appropriate Incoterms should be used.
\n\u2022 Consolidation (LCL) should be preferred.
\n\u2022 Long-term planning should be carried out.
\n\u2022 A reliable logistics partner should be worked with.
\n
\nSignificant cost advantages can be achieved through proper planning. Reducing logistics costs is possible with accurate planning and strategic decisions.
\n
\nHere are the key methods for cost optimization:
\nSelecting the Right Mode of Transport
\nDepending on the urgency and volume of the cargo, sea, air, or multimodal transportation should be preferred.
\n
\nConsolidation (Partial\/Less-than-Container Load Transport)
\nFor small-volume shipments, cost advantages can be achieved by using LCL (Less than Container Load).
\n
\nProper Use of Incoterms
\nChoosing the wrong delivery term can lead to unnecessary costs.
\n
\nLong-Term Planning
\nLast-minute operations are generally more expensive. Planning in advance reduces costs.
\n
\nWorking with a Strong Logistics Partner
\nAn experienced logistics company provides cost advantages by offering alternative solutions.
\n
\nRoute and Operational Optimization
\nPlanning the shortest and most efficient route directly affects costs.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS TRANSIT TIME?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Transit time is the total time it takes for a shipment to travel from the point of origin to the destination.
\n
\nThis duration varies depending on the mode of transport, route, customs procedures, and operational workload.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n WHAT IS MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION?<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
Multimodal transportation is the shipment of cargo using more than one mode of transport (such as sea, road, rail, etc.).
\n
\nThis method provides optimized solutions in terms of cost and transit time.
\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n MOST COMMON MISTAKES IN LOGISTICS<\/span>\n <\/i> \n <\/h5>\n
\u2022 Incorrect selection of Incoterms
\n\u2022 Incomplete or incorrect documentation
\n\u2022 Incorrect selection of transportation mode
\n\u2022 Inadequate planning
\n\u2022 Choosing an unreliable logistics partner
\n
\nThese mistakes can lead to increased costs and delays.
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Asya fre\u0131ght Faydal\u0131 Bilgiler Uluslararas\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k hizmetleri hakk\u0131nda teknik terimler s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc niteli\u011finde faydal\u0131 bilgiler \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir. INCOTERMS NED\u0130R? Incoterms (International Commercial Terms), uluslararas\u0131 ticarette al\u0131c\u0131 ve sat\u0131c\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki sorumluluklar\u0131 belirleyen kurallard\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131ma, sigorta, risk ve maliyet payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 netle\u015ftirir. Neden \u00d6nemlidir? \u2022 Riskleri azalt\u0131r. \u2022 Sorumluluklar\u0131 netle\u015ftirir. \u2022 Ticari anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6nler. En Yayg\u0131n Incoterms FOB, CIF, EXW, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15757","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_hostinger_reach_plugin_has_subscription_block":false,"_hostinger_reach_plugin_is_elementor":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15757","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15757"}],"version-history":[{"count":154,"href":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15757\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16384,"href":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15757\/revisions\/16384"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asyafreight.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}